Meaning
of Psychology:
Etymologically the term psychology means
‘Psyche’=Soul and logos=Science of/Study of
---→
Science of Soul.
----→
Science of Behaviour/Study of behaviour.
“It is
systematically organized body of verifiable knowledge, which deals with the
behaviour of all living organisms.
Behaviour-----→
Manifestation(becoming clear) of life. It relates broadly in to 3 domains
namely, 1.Cognitive. 2. Affective. 3. Psychomotor
Definitions:
1.
“Psychology is the science, which aims to gibe us better understanding and
control of the behaviour of the organism as a whole.” ----Mc. Dougall, William.
2.
“Psychology is the scientific study of human behaviour and human relationships”
---Woodworth
and Morquis.
3.
“Psychology is the science of behaviour and experience. ----Skinner.B.Frederic.
4.
“Psychology is the study of human nature” ---Boring, LangFeld.
Educational
Psychology
It deals with the applications of
psychological principles, theories and techniques to human behaviour in
educational situations.
The subject matter of this branch covers
psychological ways and means of improving all aspects of the teaching-learning
process including the learner, the learning process, learning activities,
learning situations, teacher, and evaluation procedure to be employed.
Educational psychology is the study of
how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational
interventions, the psychology of teaching and the social psychology of schools
as organizations.
Definitions:
1. “Educational
psychology covers the entire range of behaviour and personality as related to
education.”
2.
“Educational psychology describes and explains the learning experiences of an
individual from birth through old age.”
------ Crow and Crow.
3.
“Educational psychology is concerned with the nature, conditions, outcomes and
evaluation of school learning and retention.” ----David.P.Anusubel.
4.
“Educational psychology is the systematic study of the educational growth and
development of a child.” ----Stephen.
Importance/Need
of Educational psychology to the class room teacher:
Every teacher needs a systematic knowledge
of educational psychology. It will be useful for the in the following ways,
1.
Educational psychology enables the teacher to understand potentialities,
interest, attitude, aptitude and the innate abilities of his pupils.
2. It
helps the teacher in creating a congenial(Pleasant)atmosphere in the classroom.
It guides him how to manage the class and maintain discipline.
3.
Educational psychology gives the teacher the necessary inspiration and
background to become an effective friend, guide and philosopher for his pupils.
It lays stress on the qualities, interests and abilities that he has to develop
in himself.
4. Knowledge of Educational psychology will
render the task of selecting and organizing the subject matter or learning
experiences easy for the teacher.
5. With
the help of educational psychology the teacher can select the most effective
methods of teaching his subjects.
6.
Educational psychology helpful in creating a proper learning situations or
environment. It also given him knowledge of group dynamics and group behaviour.
7.
Educational psychology acquaints him with the problems of fatigue, boredom and
attention.
8. It
enables of teacher to face the challenges of individual differences among the
learners. It throws light on the nature of intelligence and the modes of its
assessment or the measurement.
9. The
teacher can seek the aid of educational psychology in taking the problems of
truancy, backwardness, malpractice, aggressive tendencies etc. on the part of
his pupils.
10. One of
the tasks of Education is the development of character. The growth of the
character depends upon the best environment in society.
11. As a
result of the study of educational psychology, the teacher proceeds from simple
to complex, from easy to the difficult and from concrete to the abstract. He
learns the maxims of teaching and the kinds of learning experiences to be
provided to the pupils at a particular stage.
12. It
helps him in the conduct of educational programmes for the gifted, the average
and below average children. He also gets acquainted with the problems of mental
retardation.
Importance
of Educational psychology to classroom teachers:
1.
Catering to individual differences.
2.
Understanding the learning.
3.
Understanding development characteristics of learner.
4.
Understanding group dynamics.
5.
Understanding nature of class room learning.
6.
Understanding effective methods of teaching.
7. Helps
in curriculum construction.
8.
Measurement of learning outcomes.
9.
Understanding the learning process.
10.
Knowledge about mental health.
11.
Developing scientific attitude.
12.
Educational psychology and nervous system.
13.
Educational psychology and play; educational psychology and productive
activities.
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